A Novel Shift in the Absorbance Maxima of Methyl Orange with Calcination Temperature of Green Tin Dioxide Nanoparticle-Induced Photocatalytic Activity

Background: The photocatalytic degradation of toxic organic compounds has received great attention for the past several years. Dyes, such as methyl orange (MO), are one major pollutants which create environmental hazards in hydrosphere, living organisms and human beings. During degradation, NPs activated presence UV–Vis radiation turn creates a redox environment system behaves sensitizer light-induced mechanisms. Tin oxide (SnO2) is prominent, but less investigated, nanomaterials compared to titanium (TiO2) Zinc (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs). Methods: Herein, Buxus wallichiana (B. wallichiana) leaf extract was utilized reducing capping agent biosynthesis SnO2 NPs. effects calcination temperature on their photocatalytic, structure surface properties were then examined. degree crystallinity crystallite size determined through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. pore area calculated by Burnett–Emmitt–Teller (BET) Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) methods based nitrogen desorption data. Morphological changes assessed scanning electron microscopy (SEM). optical behavior analyzed diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) data band gap subsequently calculated. efficiency evaluated double beam spectrophotometry under influence initial MO concentration, catalyst dose pH solution. functional moieties identified using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. All calcined used photocatalysts mineralization aqueous media. Results: increased with temperature. transmittance edge obtained all shows maximum absorbance visible range (λ-max = 464 nm). Moving toward higher wavelengths, sudden intense red shift (from nm 500 nm), attributed incorporation hydroxyl radical at ortho-position benzene ring associated dimethylamine group MO, observed samples up 300 °C. percentage found decrease increasing temperatures. optimal activity (15 ppm) solution 6 15 mg 100 Conclusions: absorption demonstrates that spectra strongly modified This work opens new avenues use against industrial effluents enriched different dyes.